Berlin Wall: Guided Tour From 4€! And more The Berlin Wall was not only a symbol of the division of a city and a country, but the entire world. Europe, still scarred by the appalling tragedy of the Second World War, became theatre of a new, terrible conflict which, though it wasn’t fought with weapons, caused deep lacerations. The Cold War between the two super powers of the time, the United States and the Soviet Union, divided the world into two blocs: the pro-American West and the pro-Soviet East. Germany was in the middle and paid the highest price. The construction of the Berlin Wall, which started on August 13, 1961, was decreed by the government of East Germany to stop the citizens of the GDR leaving towards the more prosperous West. As the west didn’t want to put themselves in a weak position, separation became a fact.